Is it coercive control? / THR / THR-6
THR-6
Non-verbal weapon intimidation
Definition
Displaying, handling, cleaning, loading, or otherwise referencing a firearm or other weapon in the target's presence or in a message as implicit intimidation, without an accompanying verbal threat.
How it operates
Cleaning, disassembling, or reassembling a gun in the target's presence after conflict. Leaving a firearm visibly placed. Waving or handling a weapon during or after an argument without an explicit verbal threat. Posting or sending images of weapons timed to conflict or separation. Other non-verbal demonstrations of lethal capacity.
Function
Demonstrate capacity for serious harm while maintaining plausible deniability.
Harm
The elevation of fear, the continuous awareness that lethal means are available, and the restriction of the target's agency through a climate of terror that third parties may fail to recognize.
Why this is coercive control
Routine, contextually ordinary weapon handling unconnected to any conflict (for example, preparing for a scheduled hunting trip with no temporal or relational link to a dispute). The conduct here demonstrates capacity for serious harm while maintaining plausible deniability.
Constructed example
“Just cleaned the 9mm. Made me think of you, actually.”
Fictitious. Written to illustrate the behavior. Not a case.
Sullivan et al. 2025; Sorenson & Wiebe 2004.
Literature this family is drawn from
- Stark, E. (2007). Coercive control: How men entrap women in personal life. Oxford University Press.
- Stark, E., & Hester, M. (2019). Coercive control: Update and review. Violence Against Women, 25(1), 81-104.
- Pence, E., & Paymar, M. (1993). Education groups for men who batter: The Duluth model. Springer.
- Dutton, M. A., & Goodman, L. A. (2005). Coercion in intimate partner violence: Toward a new conceptualization. Sex Roles, 52(11-12), 743-756.
- Monckton Smith, J. (2020). Intimate partner femicide: Using Foucauldian analysis to track an eight stage progression to homicide. Violence Against Women, 26(11), 1267-1285.
Identifying a behavior described here does not establish a pattern of behavior and does not establish coercive control. A tactic is not a regime. The instrument consolidates peer-reviewed literature so a reader can check when in doubt. The instrument is not a coding manual. Carlton Research does not provide the instrument as a weapon.
© 2026 Carisa Carlton.
Carlton, C. (2026). Is it coercive control?: THR-6. Carlton Research Instruments. /codebook/thr-6. Last reviewed August 31, 2026.