Is it coercive control? / INST / INST-5
INST-5
Constructing the target as non-credible
Definition
The abuser uses institutional engagement (courts, police, child protection, immigration, mental-health systems, evaluators, and other professionals) to construct the target as unstable, irrational, vindictive, or otherwise non-credible.
How it operates
Framing the target to police, courts, child-protection workers, therapists, custody evaluators, or immigration officials as crazy, unstable, paranoid, alienating, or non-credible. Selective disclosure of the target's trauma history or mental-health records to discredit. Performing charm or rationality to professionals while the target appears distressed. Using the target's repeated help-seeking itself as proof that the target is the problem.
Function
Destroy the target's institutional standing so that systems designed to provide protection instead validate the abuser, isolate the target, and convert help-seeking into further evidence of unreliability.
Harm
The loss of credibility with the very institutions the target must rely upon for safety and recognition, intensified isolation, eroded self-trust, and deepened entrapment. Abusers deliberately exploit the target's institutional vulnerabilities, including fear of police, courts, immigration authorities, or mental-health systems, and the lower credibility those institutions often assign to women, particularly women of color, undocumented women, or women with trauma histories and low self-esteem. The abuser intercedes with professionals, reframes the target's accurate reports as delusion or instability, performs as the rational or concerned party, and uses the target's prior help-seeking or trauma responses against them. Institutions that are supposed to help thereby become features of the abuse itself: the target's lack of credibility inside those systems is both produced by the abuser and reinforced by institutional biases. In the aftermath of abuse, the same dynamic continues as the target is required to perform legible "survivorhood" while the abuser continues to attack credibility through legal and professional channels.
Why this is coercive control
Accurate, non-weaponized sharing of concern for the target's well-being with appropriate professionals when the primary aim is support rather than control or discredit. The conduct here destroys the target's institutional standing so that systems designed to provide protection instead validate the abuser, isolate the target, and convert help-seeking into further evidence of unreliability.
Constructed example
“She lies about everything. She has no credibility. She's unstable. She was diagnosed with mental illness. Anything she tells you about me comes from that place.”
Fictitious. Written to illustrate the behavior. Not a case.
Sweet 2019, 2021.
Literature this family is drawn from
- Sweet, P. L. (2019). The sociology of gaslighting. American Sociological Review, 84(5), 851-875.
- Douglas, H. (2018). Legal systems abuse and coercive control. Criminology & Criminal Justice, 18(1), 84-99.
- Miller, S. L., & Smolter, N. L. (2011). “Paper abuse”: When all else fails, batterers use procedural stalking. Violence Against Women, 17(5), 637-650.
- Bettinson, V. (2022). A comparative analysis of the defence of duress in England and Wales and Scotland: Implications for victims of coercive control. Journal of Criminal Law.
- Conn. Gen. Stat. § 46b-1(b) (Jennifer’s Law, 2021).
Identifying a behavior described here does not establish a pattern of behavior and does not establish coercive control. A tactic is not a regime. The instrument consolidates peer-reviewed literature so a reader can check when in doubt. The instrument is not a coding manual. Carlton Research does not provide the instrument as a weapon.
© 2026 Carisa Carlton.
Carlton, C. (2026). Is it coercive control?: INST-5. Carlton Research Instruments. /codebook/inst-5. Last reviewed August 31, 2026.