Is it coercive control? / INST / INST-1

INST-1

Threats or references to deploying authorities against the target

Definition

Invoking police, child-protective services, immigration authorities, professional licensing boards, or other institutional actors as weapons to induce fear, compel compliance, or punish resistance.

How it operates

Statements that the abuser will or can call police, CPS, immigration, or licensing bodies. References to prior or potential reports used as leverage. Conditional threats tying institutional action to the target's behavior.

Function

Convert the threat of institutional intervention into a standing instrument of control.

Harm

The continuous calculation of risk that the target's own help-seeking systems will be turned against them, producing hypervigilance, self-silencing, and deepened isolation. The abuser restricts the target's autonomy and space for action by making the possibility of official intervention contingent on the target's compliance. The threat itself, independent of any actual report, extends domination into the institutional domain and deters the target from seeking safety or asserting boundaries.

Why this is coercive control

Genuine, non-coercive expressions of concern about a child's safety or an actual emergency that do not function as leverage. The conduct here converts the threat of institutional intervention into a standing instrument of control.

Constructed example

One call to CPS about your drinking and everything changes.

Fictitious. Written to illustrate the behavior. Not a case.

Douglas 2018; Sweet 2019.

Literature this family is drawn from

  • Sweet, P. L. (2019). The sociology of gaslighting. American Sociological Review, 84(5), 851-875.
  • Douglas, H. (2018). Legal systems abuse and coercive control. Criminology & Criminal Justice, 18(1), 84-99.
  • Miller, S. L., & Smolter, N. L. (2011). “Paper abuse”: When all else fails, batterers use procedural stalking. Violence Against Women, 17(5), 637-650.
  • Bettinson, V. (2022). A comparative analysis of the defence of duress in England and Wales and Scotland: Implications for victims of coercive control. Journal of Criminal Law.
  • Conn. Gen. Stat. § 46b-1(b) (Jennifer’s Law, 2021).

Literature map

Forums that enumerate this family

A statute that names a tactic is not a finding that the tactic is present.

Identifying a behavior described here does not establish a pattern of behavior and does not establish coercive control. A tactic is not a regime. The instrument consolidates peer-reviewed literature so a reader can check when in doubt. The instrument is not a coding manual. Carlton Research does not provide the instrument as a weapon.

© 2026 Carisa Carlton.

How to cite

Carlton, C. (2026). Is it coercive control?: INST-1. Carlton Research Instruments. /codebook/inst-1. Last reviewed August 31, 2026.