Is it coercive control? / GAS / GAS-2

GAS-2

Mobilizing stereotypes and structural vulnerability

Definition

Leveraging the target's gender, immigration status, psychiatric or substance-use history, sexuality, race, criminal record, or other structural vulnerabilities to undermine credibility with the target and with third parties.

How it operates

Appeals to stereotypes about hysteria, instability, foreignness, or criminality. Statements that no one will believe the target because of a protected or stigmatized characteristic. Claims that institutional actors will side with the abuser on the basis of those characteristics.

Function

Recruit existing inequalities and institutional biases so that the target's reports are pre-emptively discounted.

Harm

Isolation from potential sources of support and the conversion of structural vulnerability into a silencing mechanism.

Why this is coercive control

Accurate, non-weaponized discussion of relevant history offered without the purpose of discrediting. The conduct here recruits existing inequalities and institutional biases so that the target's reports are pre-emptively discounted.

Constructed example

Go ahead, call the cops. Who do you think they'll believe, me, or the one with the hospital record?

Fictitious. Written to illustrate the behavior. Not a case.

Adair 2025; Sweet 2019.

Also in GAS

Literature this family is drawn from

  • Sweet, P. L. (2019). The sociology of gaslighting. American Sociological Review, 84(5), 851-875.
  • Forensic linguistic evidence of psychological abuse and discursive manipulation in cyberstalking cases. Journal of Language Aggression and Conflict (2026).

Literature map

Identifying a behavior described here does not establish a pattern of behavior and does not establish coercive control. A tactic is not a regime. The instrument consolidates peer-reviewed literature so a reader can check when in doubt. The instrument is not a coding manual. Carlton Research does not provide the instrument as a weapon.

© 2026 Carisa Carlton.

How to cite

Carlton, C. (2026). Is it coercive control?: GAS-2. Carlton Research Instruments. /codebook/gas-2. Last reviewed August 31, 2026.